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"Labor is prior to, and independent of, capital. Capital is only the fruit of labor, and could never have existed if labor had not first existed. Labor is the superior of capital, and deserves much the higher consideration."
                                                                                       Abraham Lincoln, 1861
 

We mean to make things over;
We're tired of toil for naught
But bare enough to live on—
Never an hour for thought;
We want to see the sunshine,
We want to smell the flowers;
We're sure that God has willed it,
And we mean to have eight hours.
We're summoning our forces,
From shipyard, shop and mill—
Eight hours for work, eight hours for rest,
Eight hours for what we will!

From the factories and the workshops,
In long and weary lines,
From all the sweltering forges,
From all the sunless mines,—
Wherever toil is wasting
The force of life to live,—
Its bent and battered armies
Come to claim what God doth give.
And the blazon on its banner
Doth with hope the nations fill—
Eight hours for work, eight hours for rest,
Eight hours for what we will!

Ontario Workman, 16 May 1872

1872 Hamilton - Procession of Nine-Hour Movement Men. LAC, C-058640, Canadian Illustrated News, 8 June 1872








Amalgamated Society of Carpenters and joiners, Canadian District, TRL 1876. Union.VSB





A picture for employers.
Why they can live on 40 cents a day, and they can't
J. Keppler, Puck, 21 August 1878, Library of Congress LC-USZC2-1242







 




Puck, New York, 8 August 1883



 

































The up-to-date primer, Toronto, 1894




Lincoln Socialist-Labor, St. Louis, 7 September 1895


 





Appeal to Reason, Girard, Kansas, 15 May 1897








"Nature has her laws, and there is one – a fair day's wage for a fair day's work."
                                                                                              Benjamin Disraeli











 




Chic, The Moon, Toronto, 22 November 1902












 












 



Ryan Walker, The Comrade, December 1903




 




G. H. Lockwood, Appeal to Reason, Girard, Kansas, 9 January 1904





 




Industrial Workers of the World, Chicago, 27 June 1905








 



 








International Workers of the World, 1908?





Judge, New York, 6 June 1908





"With all their fault, trades unions have done more for humanity than any other organization of men that ever existed. They have done more for democracy, for honesty, for education, for the betterment of the race, for the developing of character in man, than any other association of men."
                                                                                  Clarence S. Darrow, 1909



 




Rare Books and Special Collections UBC




Where are we going Mamma?
Never you mind where we are going.
Capital Labour, The Liberator, Arthur Young, 1910?







  















"Where the Fraser River flows, each fellow worker knows,
They have bullied and oppressed us, but still our union grows.
And we're going to find way boys, for shorter hours and better pay, boys!
And we're going to wind the day, boys; where the River Fraser flows."
                                                                                 Joe Hill, Yale, 1912

Where the Fraser River Flows - to hear this song try the following link:
www.youtube.com/watch?v=7Rww4Fx5NeY

To hear Paul Robeson sing a song about Joe Hill visit:
www.youtube.com/watch?v=n8Kxq9uFDes





 












 
 



A group of workers; Canadian, American, Swedish, Italian and Scots in a C.N.R. construction Camp. Groupe de travailleurs : Canadiens, Américains, Suédois, Italiens et Écossais dans un baraquement de chantier des Chemins de fer nationaux du Canada. Frontier College, LAC C-046150, Agabob, BC, 1913




Puck, New York, 8 May 1913




The road to dividends child labour cartoon, Lewis Wicks, 1913,  Library of Congress, Public domain, via Wikimedia Commons




   


 

 

Ladysmith; Dunsmuir Coal Mine Strikers Being Marched To Jail, 1913, BC Archives E-01194,







Members of the 72nd Regiment, Seaforth Highlanders of Canada, and their mascot; part of the Nanaimo civil aid force, sent to break the strike by Dunsmuir coal miners, 1913, BC Archives A-03183




Mineworkers. their wives and children, parade in Ladysmith during the "Big Strike"; Dunsmuir coal miners, 1913, BC Archives E-02631




The Labor Journal, Everett, Wash. 23 May 1913




The Labor World, Duluth, Minn. 30 August 1913





 

 
 
 

 





The British Columbia Federationist, Vancouver, 28 November 1913





















Life, New York, 8 January 1914




Art Young, 1914?

























Hold the Fort, Joe Hill, I. W. W. Songs to Fan the Flames of Discontent, Joe Hill, Cleveland, March 1916




I. W. W. Songs to Fan the Flames of Discontent, Joe Hill, Cleveland, March 1916




Solidarity Forever, I.W.W. Songs to Fan the Flames of Discontent, Joe Hill, Cleveland, March 1916





 

 




The British Columbia Federationist, Vancouver, 8 September 1916








Solidarity, Chicago, September 1917








  
 


 



"The working class and employing class have nothing in common. There can be no peace as long as hunger and want are found among millions of working people and the few, who make up the employing class, have all the good things of life."
                                             Preamble of the Industrial Workers of the World 1918?














    
 

"In the hardrock mines and the lumber industry the story was the same. Long hours, low wages, a high-ball system of speedup, utter disregard for safety conditions and an uniform hatred and opposition to trade unionism. . . Previous to 1919 [lumber workers were] at the mercy of their bosses who were exploited by the most grasping and greedy plunderbund that was ever let loose on the natural resources of this or any other country. The life of the logger was worse than chattel slavery.  From dark to dark, 10, 12, and 14 hours of slavish, backbreaking soul-destroying labor; the vilest of food. . . overloaded bunkhouses with vermin-infested, muzzle-loading, double-deck bunks, three decks in some cases, and for which the logger had to pack his own blankets; no sanitary conditions or wash-houses; swindled and robbed by employment sharks, grafting foremen and the steamboat companies."
Tom McEwen, He Wrote For Us The Story of Bill Bennett, pioneer socialist journalist, 1951

 




A. B. Walker, Life, NY, 30 October 1919






 



 


The Toiler, Cleveland, 17 December 1919



  
"Before many weeks [in 1919-20] their numbers [Lumber Workers' Industrial Union] had grown so that they began to tell the bosses things. They raised wages; they established the eight-hour day; they compelled the boss loggers to tear down the old disease-breeding shacks and build new ones with shower baths and drying houses; they made companies put in beds for every man; they forced the government to enforce the sanitary regulations already in the statute books; they filled the camps with working class literature and raised the general level of comfort and intelligence of the men who worked in the woods."
Tom McEwen, He Wrote For Us The Story of Bill Bennett, pioneer socialist journalist, 1951







The Liberator, New York, January 1920





 























Life, New York, 22 July 1920






Art Young. The Liberator, New York, August 1920



















Pashtanika, Industrial Pioneer, October 1921



Art Young, 1921?






 




The Railroad Trainman, the American Federationist, 1922, Public domain, via Wikimedia Commons



The Labor Journal, Everett, Wash. 3 February 1922











"These years should have hammered home to your inmost soul that under capitalism the working class has but two courses to follow: crawl or fight."
                                                                                        J. B. McLachlan




The Liberator, New York, September 1922




The Labor Journal, Everett, Wash.  6 October 1922


























The British Columbia Federationist, Vancouver, 20 July 1923













The Young Worker, Chicago, October 1923









The Young Worker, Chicago, 1 June 1924












"[After two days in Glace Bay] nobody looked red to me. I think if I lived there long I would be a lot redder than anything I saw."
                                                                  Agnes Macphail, H of Cs, 30 March 1925




















Ellis, The Daily Worker, New York, 30 January 1926




Lydia Gibson, The Daily Worker, New York, 27 March 1926





















Joe Hill, New Masses, New York, 8 January 1929






















The Working Woman, New York, October 1930

















































William Sanger, 1936








"My place is marching with the workers rather than riding with General Motors."
David A. Croll. Ontario Minister of Labour, letter of resignation, 14 April 1937





















 

« This Is Our Strength - Labour and Management » :  Effort de guerre canadien et campagne de sensibilisation à la production. LAC, 1983-30-219, Charles Fainmel ca. 1943-44

B.C. District Union News, Vancouver, 30 April 1947





Price Campaign. Candy bar boycott, Montreal. LAC PA-093691, Canadian Tribune, May 1947










































































Avrom Yanovsky, BC District Union News, 30 August 1948

















 



"We want social peace but we don't want the crushing of the working class. We are attached to man more than to capital. That's why the clergy has decided to intervene [in the Asbestos Strike]. It wants to have justice and charity respected and desires that there shall cease to be a situation where more attention is paid to money interests than to the human element."
                                         Joseph Charbonneau, Archbishop of Montreal, 2 May 1949

See "Asbestos Strike" theme
























 

"In the hardrock mines and the lumber industry the story was the same. Long hours, low wages, a high-ball system of speedup, utter disregard for safety conditions and an uniform hatred and opposition to trade unionism. . . Previous to 1919 [lumber workers were] at the mercy of their bosses who were exploited by the most grasping and greedy plunderbund that was ever let loose on the natural resources of this or any other country. The life of the logger was worse than chattel slavery.  From dark to dark, 10, 12, and 14 hours of slavish, backbreaking soul-destroying labor; the vilest of food. . . overloaded bunkhouses with vermin-infested, muzzle-loading, double-deck bunks, three decks in some cases, and for which the logger had to pack his own blankets; no sanitary conditions or wash-houses; swindled and robbed by employment sharks, grafting foremen and the steamboat companies."
Tom McEwen, He Wrote For Us The Story of Bill Bennett, pioneer socialist journalist, 1951

"Before many weeks [in 1919-20] their numbers [Lumber Workers' Industrial Union] had grown so that they began to tell the bosses things. They raised wages; they established the eight-hour day; they compelled the boss loggers to tear down the old disease-breeding shacks and build new ones with shower baths and drying houses; they made companies put in beds for every man; they forced the government to enforce the sanitary regulations already in the statute books; they filled the camps with working class literature and raised the general level of comfort and intelligence of the men who worked in the woods."
Tom McEwen, He Wrote For Us The Story of Bill Bennett, pioneer socialist journalist, 1951

Canadian Hungary Worker, Toronto, 17 January 1957










"In the town of Springhill, Nova Scotia
          Down in the dark of the Cumberland Mine.
There's blood on the coal and the miners lie.
           In roads that never saw sun nor sky.
           In roads that never saw sun nor sky." 
                          Ewan MacColl and Peggy Seeger, "The Springhill Mining Disaster", 1958
















The Fisherman, Vancouver, 30 January 1959








































"That's all they ever think about . . . money."
Leonard Norris, The Vancouver Sun, 25 October 1961



























 
















George Shane, LAC













































George Shane, 1975?, LAC DSCN0801



















Le Journal Choc, Montréal, 26 March 1976











 

































The Lance, Windsor, 1 February 1993